KONVERSI MINYAK BIJI KAPUK MENJADI BIODIESEL MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS CaO/HTC
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/jrm.v13i2.1045Keywords:
Biodiesel, Ceiba Pentandra, Triglyceride Fatty Acid, CaO/Hydrotalcite, TransesterificationAbstract
This research focuses on producing biodiesel through the transesterification process of Ceiba pentandra triglyceride acid using a CaO/Hydrotalcite (CaO/HTC) catalyst. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding catalyst mass, the mole ratio of oil: methanol to biodiesel yield, and knowing the FAME content of biodiesel yield and the highest impact of adding catalyst mass and the ratio kapok seed oil to FFA conversion results. Kapok seed oil was transesterified for 2 hours at a temperature of 65°C. The molar ratio of oil and methanol used is 1:5, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20, and 1:25 (%wt). The catalyst used is CaO/HTC, with 3.0977 grams of CaO and 30.9023 grams of hydrotalcite. The best results for biodiesel yield at the ratio of the oil: methanol molar ratio of 1:15 with a catalyst mass of 1.5% wt, which is 66%, while the best % conversion of FFA is in the ratio of oil: methanol molar ratio of 1:25 with a catalyst mass of 1.5%wt which is 90.674%. FAME content of the yield The highest biodiesel contains C15-C26 carbon chains and is dominated by Linoleic Acid Methyl Ester compounds.
References
KEMENTERIAN ENERGI DAN SUMBER DAYA MINERAL. Handbook Of Energy & Economic Statistics of Indonesia. (2020). https://www.esdm.go.id/id/publikasi/handbook-of-energy-economic-statistics-of-indonesia
SETIADJI, S., TANYELA, N., SUDIARTI, T., PRABOWO, E., WAHID, B., “Alternatif Pembuatan Biodiesel Melalui Transesterifikasi Minyak Castor (Ricinus communis) Menggunakan Katalis Campuran Cangkang Telur Ayam dan Kaolin”, Jurnal Kimia VALENSI: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Ilmu Kimia, 3(1), Mei 2017, pp. 1-10, 2017.
MIRZAYANTI, Y.W., DEVITASARI, dan ALISA, A., “Produksi Biodiesel Dari Dedak Padi Dengan Metode In-Situ Dua Tahap Menggunakan Katalis Asam Sulfat Dan CaO/Hydrotalcite”, Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin, V. 11, N.3, pp. 375-382, 2020.
MIRZAYANTI, Y.W., UDYANI, K., PARIKESIT, A.M., dan UTAMY, V.D., “Konversi Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (Pfad) Menjadi Biodiesel Menggunakan Katalis p-TSA”, Seminar Nasional Sains dan Teknologi Terapan IV 2016, Institut Teknologi Adhi Tama Surabaya, ISBN: 978-602-98569-1-0, pp. B-213 – B-220, 2016.
MIRZAYANTI, Y.W., PRAJITNO, D.H., RESYADI, A., “Catalytic Hydrocracking of Kapuk Seed Oil (Ceiba pentandra) to Produce Biofuel Using Zn-Mo Supported HZSM-5 Catalyst”. 7th International Conference on Environment and Industrial Innovation (ICEII). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 24 – 26 April 2017. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 67 (2017) 012023, 2017.
MIRZAYANTI, Y.W., KURNIAWANSYAH, F., PRAJITNO, D.H., ROESYADI, A., “Zn-Mo/HZSM-5 Catalyst for Gasoil Range Hydrocarbon Production by Catalytic Hydrocracking of Ceiba pentandra Oil”. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 13 (1), pp. 136-143, 2018.
NINGSIH E, MIRZAYANTI, Y.W., NIAM, A.C., FEBRIANITA, P., VANGESTI, W., “Biodiesel dari Minyak Biji Kapuk (Ceiba Pentandra) Menggunakan Katalis Ca/Hydrotalcite”, Reka Buana: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia, Vol. 4, Issue. 1, hal. 16 – 21.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33366/rekabuana.v4i1.1023, 2018.
FREDERIC, N.P., “Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Minyak Biji Kapok dengan Proses Esterifikasi Transesterifikasi”, Jurnal Teknologi Kimia dan Industri, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 262-266, 2013.
DIREKTORAT JENDERAL PERKEBUNAN. (2015). Statistik Perkebunan Indonesia Komoditas Kapas tahun 2014-2016. Jakarta.
RITONGA, M.Y., R. GIOVANI, M.R. “Pembuatan Metil Ester dari Minyak Kemiri Sunan dengan Keberadaan Co-Solvent Aseton dan Katalis Heterogen Natrium Silikat Terkalsinasi”, Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU, Vol. 5, No. 3 (September 2016), p. 17-23, 2016.
KUMAR, P., SARMA, A.K., JHA, M.K., BANSAL, A., SRIVASATAVA, B. “Utilization of Renewable and Waste Materials for Biodiesel Production as Catalyst”, Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 10 (3), p. 221-229, 2015.
ZULFADLI,R., HELWANI,Z., BAHRI,S. “Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Sawit Off Grade Menggunakan Zeolit Alam Teraktivasi sebagai Katalis pada Tahap Transesterifikasi”, Jurnal Online Mahasiswa FTEKNIK Vol. 2, No. 1, Februari 2015, Universitas Riau, 2015.
HIDAYATI,N., ARIYANTO, T.S., SEPTIAWAN, H. “Transesterifikasi Minyak Goreng Bekas Menjadi Biodiesel dengan Katalis Kalsium Oksida”. ISSN 2407-8476, Jurnal Teknologi Bahan Alam, Vol.1, 2017.
HELWANI, Z., FATRA, W., SAPUTRA, E dan MAULANA, R. “Preparation of CaO/Fly ash as a Catalyst Inhibitor for Transesterification Process off Palm Oil in Biodiesel Production”. 3rd ICChESA 2017, IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 334, 012077, 2018. doi:10.1088/1757-899X/334/1/012077, 2017.
HERALDY, E., NUGRAHANINGTYAS, K.D., HERIYANTO, H. “Kalsinasi Ca-Mg-Al Hydrotalcite dari Brine Water dan Karakterisasinya”. ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 205-216, 2017. DOI : 10.20961/alchemy.v13i2.5606.
NINDIYASARI, F., ROTO DAN TAHIR, I. “Hidrotalsit Zn-Al-NO3 Sebagai Penukar Anion dalam Pengolahan Polutan Anion Hexasianoferrat (II)”, ISSN 2407-8476, Jurnal Teknologi Bahan Alam Vol. 1 No. 1, p. 1-5, April 2017
RAHMAN, M., HELWANI, Z., SAPUTRA, E. “Transesterifikasi Minyak Sawit Off-Grade Menjadi Biodiesel Menggunakan Katalis CaO yang diImpregnasi dengan Limbah Serbuk Besi”. Fakultas Teknik, 2016, Universitas Riau
PERMATA, T.R., NURHAYATI dan LINGGAWATI, A. “Produksi Biodiesel dari CPO dengan Proses Esterifikasi dengan Katalis H2SO4 dan Transesterifikasi dengan Katalis CaO dari Cangkang Kerang Dara”, Bidang Kimia Fisika Jurusan Kimia, Universitas Riau Kampus Binawidya Pekanbaru, 2015.
SANTOSO, H., KRISTIANTO, I., SETYADI, A. “Pembutan Biodiesel Menggunakan Katalis Basa Heterogen Berbahan Dasar Kulit Telur”. Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Katolik Prahayangan, 2013.
NUGRAHA, P.Z., HELWANI, Z., SAPUTRA, E. “Penggunaan Katalis Fly Ash yang Diimpregnasi dengan CaO dari Ca(NO3)2 pada Tahap Transesterifikasi Minyak Sawit Off Grade Menjadi Biodiesel”. Jurnla Online Mahasiswa FTEKNIK Volume 3 No.1, 2016.
GUO,F dan Z,FANG. “Biodiesel Production with Solid Catalysist, Biodiesel – Feed Stocks and Processing Technologies”, Margareta Stoytcheva Ed, ISBN : 978-953-307-713-0, 2011.
RHOFITA, ERRY IKA. Penurunan Kadar Free Fatty Acid (FFA) pada Reaksi Esterifikasi dalam Proses Produksi Biodiesel: Kajian Waktu Reaksi dan Temperatur Reaksi. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Teknik – Sistem, Vol.11 No. 1, 2015.
FORGHANI, A.A., JAFARIAN, M., PENDLETON., P dan LEWIS, D.M. “Mathematical modelling of a hydrocracking reactor for triglyceride conversion to biofuel: model establishmen and validation”. International Journal of Energy Research, 38:1624 – 1634, 2014.
HO, W.W.S., H.K. NG, S.GAN dan S.H. TAN. “Evaluation of Palm Oil Mill Fly Ash Supported Calcium Oxide as a Heterogenous Base Catalyst in Biodiesel Synthesis from Crude Palm Oil. Energy Conversion and Management”. 88: 1167-1178, 2014.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Yustia Wulandari Mirzayanti, Kartika Udyani, Rizky Cahyaningsih, M. Puguh Tri Darmawan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
